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C++ Statements

C++ statements are typically terminated by a semicolon. A sequence of statements may, however, be enclosed in {} and treated as a single compound statement.

C++ has a small number of statement types:

Expression (Just an expression alone as a statement.)

x + y;
f(x);  // call a function f, passing a value x
     

(Most languages similar to C++ don't allow expressions by themselves as statements.)

Assignment statement

z = x + y;

The left side of an assignment statement must be (or evaluate) to a variable. The right side must be an expression whose type is compatible with the type of the left side.

Flow of control statements

         if statements: Select one of two choices based
          on a boolean expression
         
         loop statements: for, while,
          do loops. Repeat a sequence of statements depending
          on the value of a boolean expression.
         
         switch statements: Select one of many choices
          depending on the value of an integer or character expression.
      

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