Answer Key on Chi-Square Tests

Instructions: A content analysis looking at looking at how often women and men smile on prime time television reported the following results.

Conduct a chi-square test to determine if these results are due to chance or is there some pattern to the data?

T = 185/2 = 92.5

X2 = ((100-92.5)² / 92.5) + ((85-92.5)² / 92.5) = 0.60 + 0.60 = 1.20

df = 1

Accept null hypothesis

Instructions: After conducting a content analysis looking at the racial representation of people depicted in advertisements in Newsweek, the following data was obtained.

Conduct a chi-square test to determine if these results are due to chance or not?

T = 100/5 = 20

X2 = ((70-20)² / 20) + ((15-20)² / 20) + ((5-20)² / 20) + ((5-20)² / 20) + ((5-20)² / 20) = 160

df = 4

Reject Null Hypothesis

Instructions: After conducting a content of different daytime talk shows (Oprah, Geraldo, Sally Jesse Raphael) to determine if they differ in terms of how often sexually explicit material is discussed (high, moderate, low).

The following information is obtained.

Conduct a chi-square test to determine if these results are due to chance or not?

T1 = (15x20)/55 = 5.4
T2 = (15x15)/55 = 4.0
T3 = (15x20)/55 = 5.4
T4 = (20x20)/55 = 7.3
T5 = (20x15)/55 = 5.4
T6 = (20x20)/55 = 7.3
T7 = (20x20)/55 = 7.3
T8 = (20x15)/55 = 5.4
T9 = (20x20)/55 = 7.3

X = ((0-5.4)²/5.4) = 5.4
X = ((10-4.0)²/4.0) = 9
X = ((5-5.4)²/5.4) = 0.02
X = ((10-7.3)²/7.3) = 0.99
X = ((5-5.4)²/5.4) = 0.02
X = ((5-7.3)²/7.3) = 0.72
X = ((10-7.3)²/7.3) = 0.99
X = ((0-5.4)²/5.4) = 5.4
X = ((10-7.3)²/7.3) = 0.99

Sum of X² = 23.56

df = (3-1) * (3-1) = 4

Reject Null hypothesis (Sexually explicit talk is not proportionally represented across different types of talk shows).

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