The binary representation already discussed is not quite sufficient for C, since we also need to represent negative integers as sequences of bits. (Can't put a minus sign in between bits in memory, just 0's and 1's.)

C also needs to represent values between 0 and 1, etc.

C numeric types:

Integers (signed: positive, negative and 0)

Unsigned integers (only 0 and positive)

Floating point numbers (single and double sizes)