| Japanese-Americans in World War II
Ansel Adams’s Photographs of Japanese-American Internment
at Manzanar
In 1943, Ansel Adams (1902-1984), America's best-known photographer,
documented the Manzanar War Relocation Center in California and
the Japanese Americans interned there during World War II.
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/anseladams/
After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the U.S. government evacuated
110,000 Pacific Coast residents of Japanese descent to internment
camps in the interior of the United States.
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm087.html
Like Esther Bubley, Dorothea Lange (1895-1965) documented the change
on the homefront, especially among ethnic groups and workers uprooted
by the war. Three months after Pearl Harbor, President Franklin
Roosevelt ordered the relocation of Japanese-Americans into armed
camps in the West. Soon after, the War Relocation Authority hired
Lange to photograph Japanese neighborhoods, processing centers,
and camp facilities.
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/wcf/wcf0013.html
Densho Educational Website
Excellent print material on the internment of Japanese Americans
during World War II, plus an archive of videotaped oral histories
with Japanese Americans who experienced the internment.
http://www.densho.org/densho.asp
PBS website looking at the Japanese-Americans in World War II
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_civil_rights_japanese_american.htm
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_democracy_japanese_american.htm
http://www.pbs.org/mosthonorableson/59mission.html
Fillmore Timeline 1860 - 2001
http://www.pbs.org/kqed/fillmore/learning/time.html
Lesson Plans Japanese American Internment
http://www.pbs.org/kqed/fillmore/classroom/internment.html
Japanese American Relocation Digital Archive (JARDA) [online].
Regents of the University of California, c2000.
http://www.calisphere.universityofcalifornia.edu/jarda/
In 1940, Japanese-American farmers grew 95% of the fresh snap
beans and spring and summer celery, 67% of the fresh tomatoes and
44% of the onions in California.
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_home_civil_rights_japanese_american.htm
In January 1942, the Office of Naval Intelligence estimated only
about 3,500 Japanese were a potential military threat and there
was no need for a mass evacuation.
http://www.pbs.org/thewar/at_war_democracy_japanese_american.htm
Following Japan's surprise attack on Pearl Harbor, there was a
conflict between the claims of national security and the civil liberties
of Japanese Americans. U.S. intelligence warned of widespread West
Coast spying activities backed by the Japanese government. It was
of course irrelevant at the time that these warnings turned out
to be based on rumors and were almost completely untrue. What mattered
is that the rumors were widely believed.
http://www.pbs.org/mosthonorableson/59mission.html
Fillmore Timeline 1860 - 2001
http://www.pbs.org/kqed/fillmore/learning/time.html
Japanese American Relocation Digital Archive (JARDA) [online].
Regents of the University of California, c2000. Available from:
http://jarda.cdlib.org/
http://www.calisphere.universityofcalifornia.edu/jarda/
Rosie the Riveter WWII American Homefront Project [online]. Berkeley:
Regional Oral History Office, University of California, 2006 [cited
22 December 2006]. Available from: http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ROHO/projects/rosie/
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