Project Title: Abstinent Social Support in Oxford House
Funding Source: National Institute of Drug Abuse
Leonard A. Jason, Ph.D., Principal Investigator
Bradley Olson, Ph.D., Co-Principal Investigator
Dave Mueller, Ph.D., Project Director
The primary aim of this project is to employ a randomized design to more
closely study the role played by post-release aftercare in the outcomes of
300 criminal offenders who received in-prison substance abuse treatment.
This study proposes to compare the relative effectiveness of Therapeutic
Community (TC) aftercare to an Oxford House (OH) aftercare alternative that
provides a supportive living environment without the professional treatment
of TC aftercare. Bringing scientific methods to the examination of
TCs and the OH community-based recovery models for addiction will help identify
the active ingredients of these recovery settings. Typically, TC aftercare
outcomes for prison TC graduates are compared to aftercare-as-usual, which
can range across a wide variety of interventions. Few if any comparison
groups have provided a residential setting that emphasizes socialization
and abstinence from drugs and alcohol, a hallmark of TC aftercare settings.
The proposed study will utilize ex-offenders randomly assigned to either
TCs, OHs, or usual care post-release settings, and examine program effects
(i.e., substance use, criminal and health outcomes), and economic factors
associated with these models. Research findings from a study that contrasts
these different approaches has the potential of influencing practice and
informing policy.
Project Title: Community participatory intervention with high-risk African-American
women
Funding Source: National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities
Leonard A. Jason, Ph.D., Principal Investigator
Doreen Salina, Ph.D., Co-Investigator
Lisa Walt, Ph.D., Project Director
It is critical to evaluate gender-specific residential post-release programs
that provide at-risk women with supports that serve to increase abstinence
from substance use, reduce HIV risk behaviors, reduce psychological symptoms,
decrease recidivism, and help attain better health outcomes. It is important
to identify the types of settings or interventions that might promote health
service utilization and more positive health outcomes following release from
jail. Structure and supportive recovery homes may be effective in promoting
health outcomes and increasing positive health behaviors through social support
(Jason et al., 2006b). From initial contact onward, the DePaul research team
and the Oxford House community have been active participants and both endeavored
to maintain the alliance. The University team not only strived to cultivate
collaborative and cooperative relationships with Oxford House, but also was
committed to active involvement in the process of creating change. Some examples
of collaborative endeavors of the research team and Oxford House include
the involvement in the establishment of the first Men’s, first Women's, and
first Women with Children’s Oxford Houses in Illinois, as well as historical
and ongoing involvement in activities that support the national growth of
Oxford House. The present study will examine the potentially different roles
of abstinence-specific and general social support for African-American women
who are exiting from the criminal justice system. A randomized pretest-posttest
experimental design will be employed that compares communal-living settings
supportive of abstinence (i.e., Oxford House condition) to a usual care condition.
We hypothesize that women assigned to the Oxford House condition will report
reduced HIV risk behaviors and better health outcomes (i.e., better medical
adherence and health service utilization), decreased recidivism, increased
abstinence from substance use, improved psychological functioning, and higher
levels of support than women assigned to the usual care condition at all
follow-up intervals. We hope to reduce health disparities by using community-based
participatory research that is jointly sponsored by the Oxford House community
and our research group.