1. Definition & Model of Communication
 

        A. Communication is complex

        B. Communication is symbolic

        C. Communication is a transitory process
 

3. Sending Messages Effectively
 

    A. Own your message

 
    B. Make your message complete and specific
 
 

    C. Verbal and nonverbal message congruency
 
 

    D. Be redundant
 
 

    E. Ask for feedback
 
 

    F. Consider the receiver's frame of reference
 
 

    G. Avoid evaluation
 
 

    H. Do all you can to enhance your credibility
 
 
 
 

4. Receiving messages effectively
 
 

    A. Active listening
 
 

    B. Avoiding pitfalls to effective listening
 
 

        i) pseudolistening
 

        ii) silent arguing
 

        iii) premature replying
 

        iv) focusing on irrelevancies and distractions
 
 

        v) sidetracking
 

        vi) listening defensively
 

        vii) mind raping
 
 

5. Types of Nonverbal Communication

    A. kinesics
 
 

    B. physical characteristics

    C. touching behavior
 
 

    D. paralanguage
 
 

    E. proxemics
 
 

    F. artifacts
 
 

    G. environmental factors
 
 

    H. time