Chapter 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 27 28 29 30
1. Identify the distinguishing properties of conductors, semiconductors
and insulators.
2. Describe the processes involved in charging a conductor by contact
and by induction.
3. Describe charging processes from the microscopic perspective
of transfer of individual charge units.
4. Use Coulomb's law to determine the net electrostatic force on
a point electric charge due to a known distribution
of a finite number of point charges.
5. Calculate the electric field vector (magnitude and direction)
at a specified location in the vicinity of a group of
point charges.
6. Describe the configuration of electric field lines as they are
associated with various patterns of charge distribution
such as (i) point charge, (ii) dipole, (iii)
charged metallic sphere, (iv) parallel plates.
7. State and justify the conditions for charge distribution on conductors
in electrostatic equilibrium.
8. Calculate the work done and the potential energy change produced
when a small charge is moved a specified
distance in a uniform electric field.
9. Calculate the (scalar) electric potential (in Volts) at a specified
distance from a point charge.
10. Calculate the electric potential difference between any two
points in a uniform electric field.
11. Calculate the electric potential difference between any two
points in the vicinity of a group of point charges.
12. Calculate the electric potential energy associated with a group
of point charges.
13. Show, descriptively and qualitatively, that (i) all points on
the surface and within a charged conductor are at the
same potential and (ii) the electric
field within a charged conductor is zero.
14. Calculate electric energy and energy changes in electron Volts
(eV) and relate these values to energy and
energy changes expressed in
Joules.
15. Use the relationship that defines capacitance (in Farads) to
charge and potential difference to find one of these
quantities, given the other two.
16. For a parallel plate arrangement, apply the relationship between
capacitance and the dielectric constant, plate
area and plate separation to solve
simple problems.
17. Determine the equivalent capacitance of a network of capacitors
in series-parallel combination and calculate the
final charge on each capacitor and
the potential difference across each when a known potential is applied
across
the combination.
18. Define the term, electric current, in terms of rate of charge
flow, and its corresponding unit of measure, the
Ampere.
19. Calculate electron drift velocity and the quantity of charge
passing a point in a given time interval for a specified
current-carrying conductor.
20. Determine the resistance of a conductor using Ohm's law.
21. Distinguish and identify the appropriate units for: resistivity,
resistance, conductivity and conductance.
22. Calculate the resistance of a conductor based on its physical
characteristics: length, cross-sectional area and
resistivity.
23. Distinguish between ohmic and nonohmic conductors.
24. Solve problems involving the variation of resistance with temperature,
given the temperature coefficient of
resistivity.
25. Sketch a simple single loop circuit to illustrate the use of
basic circuit element symbols and direction of
conventional current.
26. Use Joule's law to calculate the power dissipated in a resistor.
27. Define the term electromotive force (EMF), as applied to electric
circuits and identify typical examples.
Chapter 18
28. Describe the basic function of a source of electromotive force (EMF).
29. Determine the terminal potential difference of a known source
of EMF (with internal resistance) when it is part
of an open, closed or short
circuit.
30. Calculate the current in a single loop circuit and the potential
difference between any two points in the circuit.
31. Calculate the equivalent resistance of a group of resistors
in parallel, series, or series-parallel combination.
32. Use Ohm's law to calculate the current in a circuit and the
potential difference between any two points in a circuit
which can be reduced to an equivalent
simple-loop circuit.
33. Apply Kirchhoff's rules to solve multiloop circuits; that is,
find the current at any point and the potential
difference between any two points.
34. Describe in qualitative terms the manner in which charge accumulates
on a capacitor or current in a resistor
changes with time in a series circuit
with battery, capacitor, resistor and switch.
35. Describe the function of each of the following measurement devices:
(i) ammeter, (ii) voltmeter, (iii) Wheatstone
bridge, and indicate the effect of
each of these instruments on the circuit property being measured.
36. Understand the circuitry and make calculations for an unknown
resistance, using the ammeter-voltmeter method
and the Wheatstone bridge method.
37. Describe the function of the circuit breaker and the fuse in
electric circuits.
38. Compute the total maximum current in a circuit (e.g., in a household
or workplace) for appliances and
instruments of known wattages and
operating voltages.
39. Use the defining equation for a magnetic field and right-hand
rule A to determine the magnitude and direction of
the magnetic force exerted on an
electric charge moving in a region where there is a magnetic field.
40. Demonstrate a clear understanding of the important differences
between the forces exerted on electric charges
by electric fields and those forces
exerted on moving charges by magnetic fields.
41. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the magnetic force
on a current-carrying conductor when it is placed in
a magnetic field.
42. Describe the operation of a moving coil galvanometer and how
both an ammeter and a voltmeter may be
constructed by adaptation of the
galvanometer.
43. Calculate the radius of the circular orbit of a charged particle
moving in a uniform magnetic field and determine
the period of the circulating charge.
44. Describe the path of an electrically charged particle in a non-uniform
field.
45. Calculate the magnitude and determine the direction of the magnetic
field in the vicinity of a long, straight
current-carrying conductor and correctly
apply right-hand rule B for this situation.
46. Understand the basis for defining the Ampere and the Coulomb
in terms of the magnetic force between
current-carrying conductors.
47. Calculate the magnetic field at the center of a current loop
and at interior points of a solenoid.
48. Describe the process of inducing an EMF in a system of primary
and secondary coils linked by an iron core.
49. Calculate the magnetic flux through a surface in a region where
there is a uniform magnetic field.
50. Calculate the EMF (or current) induced in a circuit when the
magnetic flux through the circuit is changing in time
due to a change in (i) the area of
the circuit, (ii) the magnitude of the magnetic field, (iii) the direction
of the
magnetic field, or (iv) the orientation/location
of the circuit in the magnetic field.
51. Apply Lenz's law, as a consequence of the law of conservation
of energy, to determine the direction of an induced
EMF or current.
52. Calculate the motional EMF induced between the ends of a conducting
bar as it moves through a region where
there is a constant magnetic field.
53. Describe the operation of commonly used devices which make use
of induced EMFs such as the (i) tape
recorder, (ii) electric generator,
and (iii) electric motor.
54. Describe quantitatively the manner in which a back EMF is involved
in the operation of an electric motor and
apply such understanding to determine
the current in a circuit with resistance, motor and battery.
55. Describe the manner in which eddy currents are created in a
solid metal object and methods used to minimize
their presence.
56. Define the self-inductance, L, of a circuit in terms
of appropriate circuit parameters.
57. Qualitatively describe the manner in which the instantaneous
value of the current in an LR circuit changes while
the current is either increasing
or decreasing with time.
58. Calculate the total magnetic energy stored in a magnetic field,
given the values of the inductance of the device
with which the field is associated
and the current in the circuit.
59. Describe qualitatively the effect that each of the following
has on the phase shift behavior of an AC circuit:
(i) resistance, (ii) capacitance,
and (iii) inductance.
60. Apply the formulas that give the reactance values in an AC circuit
as a function of (i) capacitance, (ii) inductance,
and (iii) frequency.
61. Interpret the meaning of the terms phase angle and power factor
in an AC circuit.
62. Given an RLC series circuit in which values of resistance,
inductance, capacitance, and the characteristics of the
generator are known, calculate: (i)
the instantaneous and rms voltage drop across each component, (ii) the
instantaneous and rms current in
the circuit, (iii) the phase angle by which the current leads or lags the
voltage,
(iv) the power expended in the circuit,
and (v) the resonant frequency of the circuit.
63. Understand the manner in which step-up and step-down transformers
are used in the process of transmitting
electrical power over large distances,
and make calculations of primary to secondary voltage and current for an
ideal transformer.
64. Describe the contribution made by James Clerk Maxwell, properly
relating the significance of the information
available to him to the theoretical
understanding of the nature of electromagnetic radiation.
65. Describe the essential features of the apparatus and procedure
used by Hertz in his experiments leading to the
experimental confirmation and understanding
of the source and nature of electromagnetic waves.
66. Describe the production of electromagnetic waves by an antenna.
67. Summarize the properties of electromagnetic waves.
68. Relate the relative orientation of magnetic field, electric
field and direction of propagation in the corresponding
electromagnetic wave.
69. Describe the basic process by which a carrier electromagnetic
wave is used to transmit a sound signal.
70. Give a brief description (related to the source and typical
use) of each of the "regions" of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
Chapter 27
71. Discuss the spectral characteristics of blackbody radiation and
the limitations of the classical model predicted by
the Rayleigh-Jeans law.
72. Given the formula for blackbody radiation proposed by Planck,
identify the variables and state the assumption
made in deriving this formula.
73. Discuss the conditions under which the photoelectric effect
can be observed, and those properties of
photoelectric emission which cannot
be explained by classical physics.
74. Describe the Einstein model for the photoelectric effect, and
the predictions of the fundamental photoelectric
effect equation for the maximum kinetic
energy of photoelectrons.
75. Describe how Einstein's model of the photoelectric effect involves
the photon concept (E = hf), and the fact that
the basic features of the photoelectric
effect are consistent with this model.
76. Describe the production of x-rays and make calculations using
Bragg's law.
77. Discuss the wave properties of particles, the de Broglie wavelength
concept, and the dual nature of both matter
and light.
Chapter 28
78. State the basic postulates of the Bohr model and the simple standing
wave model of the hydrogen atom.
79. Sketch the energy level diagram for hydrogen (including assignment
of values of the principal quantum number,
n, show transitions corresponding
to spectral lines in the several known series, and make calculations of
wavelength values.
80. Define the orbital quantum number, l, as it applies to
the hydrogen atom and state the range of possible values
that may be assigned to it in terms
of n, the principal quantum number.
81. For each of the quantum numbers, n, l (the orbital
quantum number), ml (the orbital magnetic quantum number),
and ms (the spin
magnetic quantum number): (i) qualitatively describe what each implies
concerning atomic
structure, (ii) state the allowed
values which may be assigned to each, and the number of allowed states
which
may exist in a particular atom corresponding
to each quantum number.
82. Associate the customary shell and subshell spectroscopic notations
with allowed combinations of quantum
numbers n and l.
83. State the Pauli exclusion principle and describe its relevance
to the periodic table of the elements, and show how
the exclusion principle leads to
the known electronic ground state configuration of the light elements.
84. Describe the origin of the characteristic x-ray lines in terms
of the shell structure of the atom, calculate
(approximately) the energy of an
electron in the K, L or M shell of an atom of known atomic number, and
calculate the wavelength of an x-ray
emitted as a result of transitions between these levels.
85. Use the appropriate nomenclature in describing the static properties
of nuclei.
86. Describe the experiments of Rutherford which established the
nuclear character of the atom's structure.
87. Discuss nuclear stability in terms of the strong nuclear force
and a plot of N vs Z.
88. Account for nuclear stability in terms of the Einstein mass-energy
relationship.
89. Describe the basis for energy release by fission and fusion
in terms of the shape of the curve of binding energy
per nucleon vs mass number.
90. Identify each of the components of radiation that are emitted
by the nucleus through natural radioactive decay
and describe the basic properties
of each.
91. State and apply to the solution of related problems, the formula
which expresses decay rate as a function of decay
constant and number of radioactive
nuclei and also apply the exponential formula which expresses the number
of
remaining radioactive nuclei as a
function of elapsed time, decay constant or half-life, and the initial
number of
nuclei.
92. Write out typical equations to illustrate the processes of transmutation
by alpha and beta decay and make
calculations of the kinetic energies
involved.
93. Write out in equation form a typical sequence of events leading
to gamma decay.
94. Describe the properties of the neutrino and explain why it must
be considered in the analysis of beta decay.
95. Calculate the Q value of given nuclear reactions and determine the threshold energy of endothermic reactions.
96. Write an equation which represents a typical fission event and
describe the sequence of events which occurs
during the fission process.
97. Use data obtained from the binding energy curve to estimate
the disintegration energy of a typical fission event.
98. Describe the basic design features and control mechanisms in
a fission reactor including the functions of the
moderator, control rods and heat
exchange system.
99. Identify some major safety and environmental hazards in the
operation of a fission reactor.
100. Describe the basis of energy release in fusion and write out
several nuclear reactions which might be used in a
fusion powered reactor.
101. Describe briefly the basis of radiation damage in metals and
in living cells.
102. Define the roentgen, rad and rem as units of radiation exposure
or dose.
103. Describe the basic principle of operation of the Geiger counter,
semiconductor diode detector, scintillation
detector, photographic
emulsion, cloud chamber and bubble chamber.