The Concept of a Nonprofit Corporation (source: state of California)

WHAT IS A NON-PROFIT CORPORATION?

Typically, a company which is formed and operated for the benefit of religious, social, scientific research, artistic, educational, or environmental purposes can be formed as a Non-Profit corporation. Examples are Churches, Synagogues and other religious organizations, AIDS research and support groups, Homeless support agencies, Ballet and Dance theaters and groups, Schools and after school programs, Animal adoption agencies, and organizations that work to preserve nature. Additionally, there are groups such as Fraternities and Sororities, Civic groups and Business membership organizations like business leagues, Chamber of Commerce, fraternal orders of Police, Firemen, Condo and homeowners associations, War Veterans associations.

 
THE PURPOSE:

The idea of a Non-Profit company is to provide a way for an organization to provide needed support to a specific group, in a beneficial, benevolent manner, or a humanitarian effort, with the "reward" being the organization would not have to pay any income tax, since there should not be any taxable profit or net income. The company works to provide a benefit to the public, or to a group of individuals, or to the environment. The key factor in Non-Profit company operation is that they are supposed to operate without earning a profit that benefits the management or workers, and will not result in a gain for any private person connected with the organization's operations. Revenues received would be used to pay operating expenses and to give to the recipient, or to pay for services rendered to the recipient, or to purchase and then donate items to needy people.

This does not mean that the people who operate a Non-Profit company must volunteer their time. Salaries can be earned. Workers can be paid for their time and services, as long as salaries are within reason.

 
TYPES OF NON-PROFIT CORPORATIONS:

There are three general categories of Non-Profit corporations which can be filed. The specific wording of the Articles of Incorporation that are filed with the government to create the corporation must be modified by state laws, to conform to one of the three types:

 

1. Religious Non-Profit corporations

2. Public Benefit Non-Profit corporations, or

3. Mutual Benefit Non-Profit corporations

You must decide in advance which type of company category your organization's purpose will fit into.

 
APPROVAL AS A NON-TAXED COMPANY:

Simply registering your organization as a Non-Profit corporation does not automatically give you exemption from payment of US Federal or State of California Income tax. Application must be made to, and approval obtained from, the state and federal government, or the company must pay income tax. California goes a step further to clarify this, and states that Non-Profit corporations must automatically pay income tax until an exemption is granted. Moreover, rules regarding the management and operations of Non-Profit companies must be followed, or the exempt status can be revoked.

Formation of a company in California as a Non-Profit organization is not difficult. However, the approval as an exempt organization is more involved, and as indicated, an application to both the California government and the US Federal government is necessary for recognition as truly exempt from paying income tax.

In California, after a corporation has been filed, copies of the Articles of Incorporation, an Exemption Application along with all requested documentation and financial details, and an application fee of $25.00 must be submitted to the government for review. This process takes an estimated 90 days from the date of submission.