Laboratory equipment

Fume hood with chemicals

Hydraulic press (maximum applied load 11 metric tons)

High-precision scale

This high-temperature box furnace (500 °C to 1500 °C) and its controller are used to sinter the samples

This high-temperature tube furnace (100 °C to 1200 °C) is used to treat the samples under different gas environments

These two set-ups are used to characterize the electrical properties of the samples.  The multimeter and the current source are connected to a computer for automated data collection.

A four-point probe, a current source, and a multimeter are used to measure the electrical conductivity of the samples

The thermopower of the samples is measured using a heating device, gold foils, thermocouples, and a multimeter