The Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Attitudes Test Questions
The CFS Screening Questionnnaire
Rate each of the items below on a five point scale
1= definitely do not agree
2=do not agree
3=somewhat agree
4=agree
5=very strongly agree
___1. I feel like I am falling apart.a
___2. I am just beginning to recognize when
and how my symptoms occur.b
___3. I am beginning to accept the fact that I will
never be completely like I was before the
illness and that I will need to become a new person.b
___4. I now have learned that living with the illness
involves getting sicker, at times, and improving, at times.c
___5. The primary way for me to improve is if my
physician finds me the right treatment.a
___6. I am beginning to seek support and information
from others who have or who know about the illness.b
___7. I am in the early process of creating meaning
about my illness experience.b
___8. I have gained a sense of myself that is blended
- a combination of my life before and after I first got sick.c
___9. I need to know with certainty when and if I
am going to get better.a
___10. I am just starting to feel like I have some control of
my life.b
___11. I am beginning to learn how to live with the unknown or
chronic nature of my illness.b
___12. I have better and more satisfying relationships with people
I care about since I first became sick.d
___13. It is my fault I got sick.d
___14. I am just starting to realize that there may be things
I can do to help myself feel better.b
___15. I am starting to see my illness experience as having some
value.b
___16. I am proud of myself for living with this illness.c
___17. I think about my illness all of the time.a
___18. I am just beginning to stabilize (i.e., feeling a bit
less confused and a bit more ordered).b
___19. For the first time, I am beginning to have compassion
and love for myself and for what I have endured.b
___20. I am a better and wiser person since I first got sick.c
a = Crisis Factor
b = Stabilization Factor
c = Integration Factor
d = Item did not significantly load
The Crisis mean score was calculated by adding items 1, 5, 9, and 17 of the Fennell Phase Inventory and dividing by four. The Stabilization mean score was calculated by adding items 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, and 19 of the Fennell Phase Inventory and dividing by ten. The Integration mean score was calculated by adding items 4, 8, 16, and 20 of the Fennell Phase Inventory and dividing by four.
These scoring criteria are in Jason, Fricano, Taylor, Halpert, Fennell, Klein, and Levine (in press). Using Crisis, Stabilization, and Integration mean scores (see above), each participant was then assigned to one of the four groups according to the following algorithmic criteria derived from the cluster analysis from the data in the Jason, Fennell, Klein, Fricano, Halpert, and Taylor (1999) study. Criteria for the Crisis group were a Crisis score of 3.00 or above and Stabilization and Integration scores of 3.30 or below. Criteria for the Integration group were a Crisis score of 2.50 or below, a Stabilization score of 2.80 or below and an Integration score of 4.25 or above. Cases not in either of these groups that had either a Crisis score 3.10 or above, a Stabilization score 3.40 or above, or an Integration score of 3.75 or above were classified into a Resolution group. Cases that did not meet any of the above criteria comprised the Stabilization group.
1.) Children with CFS should be allowed to attend regular classes
2.) Employers should be permitted to fire those with CFS.
3.) People with CFS are just depressed.
4.) More federal funds should be allocated for research on CFS
5.) People with CFS are lazy.
6.) I would continue to visit and support a friend who had CFS.
7.) People with CFS should not be discriminated against in any way.
8.) CFS is not a real medical illness.
9.) I would shake hands with someone with CFS.
10.) The majority of people with CFS were competitive, driven to achieve, and compulsive before they got sick.
11.) I would not sit on the same toilet that a person with CFS had just used.
12.) CFS is not as big a problem as the media suggests.
13.) People with CFS would get better if they really wanted to be healthy.
14.) CFS is primarily a psychological disorder.
15.) The majority of people with CFS have a high socio-economic status.
16.) CFS is one of the leading medical problems in the country.
17.) If people with CFS rest then they will get better.
18.) People with CFS are to blame for getting sick.
19.) CFS is a form of punishment from GOD.
Each item is scored on a 7 point scale from strongly disagree (1) to
strongly agree (7).
For scoring purposes, use only items 2,3,4,5,8,10,11,12,13,14,17,18,
and 19 (reverse score item 4).
You can sum these items for an overall composite score and also add
up the items below to use the following three factor scores:
Responsibility for CFS: items 3,5,11,18,19.
Relevance of CFS: items 2,4,8,12.
Traits of people with CFS: items 10,13,14,17.
CFS SYMPTOM
RATING FORM
(Jason, King, Frankenberry, Jordan, Tryon, Rademaker, & Huang,
1999)
For the symptoms below, Please check those symptoms that predate the fatigue illness. Then check those symptoms that persisted or reoccurred during 6 or more months of the fatigue illness.
In the next two columns please rate the symptoms on a 100 point scale, with 0= no pain or problem and 100= severe pain or problem. Please rate these symptoms during your worst 6 month period of illness, note approximate dates, and also rate the symptoms for how you are experiencing them today.
Approximate Dates
For Worst Period: ______________
Pre- 6 or
Rating Rating
date more
during today
illness months worst
period
Fatigue
___ ____ _____
____
Post exertional malaise
lasting more than 24 hrs
____ ____ _____
____
Sore Throat
____ ____ _____
____
Tender neck or ancillary
lymph nodes
____ ____ _____
____
Muscle pain
____ ____ _____
____
Multiple joint pain without
swelling or redness
____ ____ _____
____
Headaches of a new type,
pattern, or severity
____ ____ _____
____
Unrefreshing sleep
____ ____ _____
____
Impairments in short term
memory or concentration
____ ____ _____
____
The following other symptoms can also be rated:
Other Somatic Complaints
Racing heart
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Upset stomach
Abdomen pain
Weight change
Poor Appetite
Frequent nauseated feeling
Dizziness
Ringing in the ears
Sweating hands
Night sweats
Tense muscles
Chilled or shivery
Hot or cold spells
Feeling like you have a
temperature
Frequent/recurrent fevers
Temperature lower than normal
Frequent tingling feeling
Paralysis
Blurred vision
Abnormal sensitivity to
light
Blind spots
Eye pain
Rash
Allergies
Chemical sensitivity
Muscle weakness
Feel unsteady on feet
Need to nap during each day
Difficulty falling asleep
Difficulty staying asleep
Other
Other Cognitive Difficulties
Slowness of thought
Absent-mindedness
Confusion/disorientation
Difficulty reasoning
things out
Forgetting what you are
trying to say
Difficulty finding the
right word
Difficulty following things
Difficulty understanding
Slow to react
Poor hand to eye
coordination
New trouble with math
Concern with driving
Other
Mood Difficulties
Anxiety/tension
Easily irritated
Depression
Mood swings
Other
Phone Number _______________________
(name of target person)
IF TARGET PERSON IS AVAILABLE:
Now we are trying to find out what has happened in the years since that study. Would you be willing to help us again by answering questions about your health status? As before, I am not selling anything, and your responses will be completely confidential.
IF TARGET PERSON IS NOT AVAILABLE:
IF QUESTIONED ABOUT WHO YOU ARE: Say the following, but pause after each sentence so that the person answering the phone may respond without your giving out more information than necessary to obtain cooperation.
My name is ________________. I’m calling from DePaul University. [PAUSE] (Target person’s name)_________________ participated in a study we did a few years ago. [PAUSE] We are preparing for new phase of the study and are contacting (target person)_________________ and other participants from that study again.
Target person is not at home: Depending on information about target from previous survey, caller may ask any of these questions as they apply (A, B, or C):
A] Do you know what time (target), will be home? 1. No____ 2. Yes____
If Yes:
If Yes:
Do you know what time (target), will be home? 1. No____ 2. Yes_____
If Yes: specify _______________________ I’ll call back at that time.
If No:
Do you know the phone number at work so I can try calling (target) there?
1. No____ 2. Yes____ (specify)____________________________
C] Is there another number for where s/he is right now where I can reach her/him?
1. No____ 2. Yes____ (specify)___________________________
Target person doesn’t live there any more: If person answering phone refuses to provide information, caller may give a rationale about the importance of contacting the target and, then, ask for alternative ways to contact the target, e.g., pager, cell phone, e-mail, work phone.
Do you know where (target person) lives now? 1. No____ 2. Yes____
If Yes:
Would you please give me her/his phone number? 1. No____ 2. Yes___
Phone number________________________
Would you please give me her/his address? 1. No____ 2. Yes____
Address________________________________________________________
Alternative numbers, addresses_________________________________________
Reason for refusal____________________________________________________________
START OF INTERVIEW
1. Would you be willing to answer a few questions now?
1. Yes ____ [Go to 2a] 2. No ____
If no:
Can I call you back at a better time or schedule an appointment to talk to you?
Caller should inquire why target is reluctant to participate. If so, caller should
discuss special importance of their participation, caller should assure
confidentiality and explain relevance and importance of studying fatigue.
Reason for refusal________________________________________________________________
First, I want to review some of the demographic information you gave us before. Please tell me about any changes or corrections.
2a. Do you live in the same home?
1. Yes ____ 2. No ____
3. Your full name (in case we are cut off) is:
First and Last Name _____________________________________
4. Your Age Now? ________
5. To which of the following U.S. census groups do you belong?
1. African-American ____
4. Asian or Pacific Islander ____
5. Multi-racial ____
1. Yes____ 2. No ____
7. Are you male or female?
1. Female ____ 2. Male ____
2. Separated ____
3. Widowed ____
4. Divorced ____
5. Never married ____
9. Do you have any children?
l. Less than high school ____
2. Some high school ____
3. High school degree or GED ____
4. Partial college (at least one year) or specialized training ____
5. Standard college degree ____
6. Graduate professional degree including masters and doctorate ____
NOTE: If currently unemployed, ask "have you ever been employed?" If yes, record
most recent job in "most recent" blank. If the person has never been
employed, write "never employed" in the "most recent" blank.
1. Farm laborer/menial service worker ____
2. Unskilled worker ____
3. Machine operator, semiskilled worker ____
4. Skilled manual worker, craftsman, tenant farmer ____
5. Clerical and sales worker ____
6. Technician, semiprofessional, small business owner ____
7. Manager, minor professions ____
8. Administrator, lesser professional, proprietor of medium sized business ____
9. Higher executive, proprietor of large business, major professional ____
13. Are you a:
Yes No
14. What is your current work status?
1. On disability ______ [If on disability, go to 14a, all others go to #15]
2. Unemployed ______
3. Working part-time _____
4. Working full-time _____
14a. If on disability, for what condition do you receive disability compensation?
(please specify)_______________________________________________________________
[Items 15-25 are The Fatigue Scale, Chalder et al., 1993]
CALLER READS THE FOLLOWING:
For the next few questions, we would like to know whether or not you have had any problems with feeling tired, weak, or lacking in energy in the last month. If you have been tired for a long time, we want you to compare the way you feel now to how you felt when you were last well.
15. Do you have problems with tiredness?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
16. Do you need to rest more?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
17. Do you feel sleepy or drowsy?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
18. Do you have problems starting things?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
19. Do you lack energy?
0. Better than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
20. Do you have less strength in your muscles?
0. Better than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much more than usual ____
21. Do you feel weak?
0. Less than usual ____
1. Same as usual ____
2. More than usual ____
0. Less than usual ____
1. Same as usual ____
2. More than usual ____
3. Much worse than usual ____
23. Do you find it more difficult to find the correct word?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. Worse than usual ____
3. Much worse than usual ____
24. Do you make slips of the tongue when speaking?
0. Less than usual ____
1. No more than usual ____
2. Worse than usual ____
3. Much worse than usual ____
25. How is your memory?
0. Better than usual ____
1. No worse than usual _____
2. Worse than usual ____
3. Much worse than usual ____
26. Has fatigue, tiredness, or lack of energy caused:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
CALLER READS THE FOLLOWING:
For the next few questions, we would like to know how you have been feeling over the past few weeks. Remember that we want to know about present and recent complaints, not those that you had in the past.
30. Have you recently been able to concentrate on whatever you’re doing?
GO TO QUESTION 42, THEN DO PEDIATRIC QUESTIONNAIRE, THEN GIVE ENDING QUESTIONS.
FOR THOSE RESPONDENTS WHO ANSWERED
"NO" TO Question 27 [DO NOT have 1+ months of fatigue] GO DIRECTLY TO PEDIATRIC
QUESTIONNAIRE, THEN GIVE ENDING QUESTIONS.
PART 2 – FOR RESPONDENTS WHO ANSWER YES TO SIX OR MORE MONTHS OF FATIGUE (#28)
Now I would like to ask you some more specific questions about your fatigue.
42. How long have you had fatigue?
2. When did it begin? _____________________ (Specify the date, if possible)
Over the last six months, to what degree have you experienced any of the following symptoms?
43. Sore throat?
have exercised?
than usual?
started?
activities?
activities?
57. Are there other symptoms you have experienced during the past six months that were
not mentioned in the previous questions? (please specify)
58. How frequently do you feel fatigued, tired, or lack energy?
1. Getting worse over time____
2. Staying at about the same level____
3. Getting better over time____
63. Do you experience high levels of fatigue or weakness following normal daily activity?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
64. Is your fatigue made worse by physical exertion (effort or activity)?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
65. Is your fatigue made worse by mental exertion (effort or activity)?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
66. Is your fatigue made worse by emotional distress?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
67. How long does it take the fatigue to begin after physical or mental exertion?
69. Has your fatigue been present for more than 50% of the time?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
70. Which of the following statements best describes your fatigue during the last month.
1. Yes____ (Go to b.)
(specify)_____________________________________________________________________
72. Do you currently have a medical doctor overseeing your fatigue problems?
1. Yes____ 2. No____
73. Has a doctor ever diagnosed you with any of the following illnesses? (If yes, ask
respondent to provide date of diagnosis.)
a. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Current heart or heart valve infection (date:_____________)
b. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Congestive heart failure (date: _____________)
c. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Stroke causing paralysis or problems with speech or
thinking (date: ______________)
d. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Asthma using steroid medications (current)
e. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Emphysema (date: ____________)
f. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ TB (current) (date: _____________)
g. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Hepatitis (current) (date: ______________)
h. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Cirrhosis (current or lifetime) (date: ________________)
i. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Kidney disease (current) (date: ________________)
j. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Multiple Sclerosis (current or lifetime) (date: __________)
k. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Myasthenia gravis (current or lifetime) (date: ___________)
l. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Epilepsy or seizures (uncontrolled) (date:_______________)
m. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Lupus (current or lifetime) (date: _______________________)
n. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Diabetes (untreated only) (date: _________________)
o. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Cancer other than skin (current) (date: __________________)
p. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Polymyositis/dermatomyositis (date: __________________)
q. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Rheumatoid arthritis (date: ___________________)
r. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ HIV/AIDS (date: _________________)
s. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Schizophrenia of any kind (date:________________)
t. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Bipolar affective disorders (date: _______________)
u. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Depression with psychotic or melancholic features
(date: ________________)
v. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Delusional or psychotic disorder of any kind (date: ______)
w. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Dementia of any kind (date: _________________)
x. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Anorexia nervosa (date: __________________)
y. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Bulimia nervosa (date: ___________________)
z. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Untreated hypothyroidism (date: __________________)
aa. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Sleep apnea (date:__________________)
bb. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Narcolepsy (date: __________________)
cc. 1.Yes____ 2.No____ Side effects of medications, e.g. drowsiness (date: ______)
If no, when did you stop? (specify date) ________________________________
74. Do you have any other previously diagnosed medical illnesses or conditions which may still be active and causing chronic fatigue (e.g., pregnancy or menopause) ?
1.Yes____ [If Yes, please specify ___________________________________________]
2.No____
NOTE: IF THE RESPONDENT ANSWERED YES TO ANY ITEMS IN #73 OR NAMED ANY CONDITION IN #74,
LIST EACH ILLNESS OR CONDITION BELOW AND ASK THE QUESTIONS THAT FOLLOW. IF THERE ARE MORE THAN TWO ILLNESSES, CONTINUE ON BACK. IF RESPONDENT DID NOT REPORT ANY ILLNESSES OR CONDITIONS IN QUESTIONS 73 AND 74, SKIP TO QUESTION 76a.
b. Do you feel Illness #1 is causing g. Do you feel Illness #2 is causing
your fatigue? your fatigue?
1. All of the fatigue____ 1. All of the fatigue____
2. Some of the fatigue____ 2. Some of the fatigue____
3. Not causing the fatigue____ 3. Not causing the fatigue____
c. When did Illness #1 begin compared h. When did Illness #2 begin compared
to the start of your fatigue? to the start of your fatigue?
Did it begin: Did it begin:
treated? treated?
is in decreasing your fatigue on a in decreasing your fatigue on a scale
scale from 0 to 100 (0 = not at all from 0 to 100 (0 = not at all
effective and 100 = completely effective and 100 = completely
effective)?____________ effective)?_____________
76a. Do you think any medication(s) is(are) causing your fatigue?
[If more than two, continue on back]
What is the approximate dosage?What is the approximate dosage?
____________________________________ ________________________________________
How often do you take this dosage?How often do you take this dosage?
_____________________________________ _________________________________________
c. Do you feel it is causing your fatigue? e.Do you feel it is causing your fatigue?
1. All of the fatigue____ 1. All of the fatigue____
2. Some of the fatigue____ 2. Some of the fatigue____
3. Not causing the fatigue____ 3. Not causing the fatigue____
77a. Do you think anything else accounts for your fatigue problems? For example, being
overworked, depressed, or stressed in your personal life or environment?
your fatigue:
the cause is:
b. What is your weight? _________________
CFS Screening Questionnaire – Pediatric
When finished speaking with adult for adult questionnaire, ask the following:
5._____________, 6.______________.
1. Yes ____ (How many? _____) 2. No ____
Name _____________________ Age________ Gender ____
Name _____________________ Age________ Gender ____
2b. Do any of the (target) children or teenagers have problems with poor school attendance, being unable or unwilling to go to school, or school learning or memory problems?
1. Yes ____ (How many? _____) 2. No ____
Name _____________________ Age________ Gender ____
Name _____________________ Age________ Gender ____
2c. Have any of the (target) children or teenagers had any of the following symptoms constantly or repeatedly during the past six months?
CHILD 1 CHILD 2
(Name______________) (Name______________)
(Age____ Gender____) (Age____ Gender____)
YES NO YES NO
Frequent headaches ___ ___ ___ ___
Sore throat ___ ___ ___ ___
Joint pain ___ ___ ___ ___
Muscle pain ___ ___ ___ ___
Abdominal pain ___ ___ ___ ___
Lymph node pain (in neck or under arms) ___ ___ ___ ___
Rash ___ ___ ___ ___
Fever, chills or night sweats ___ ___ ___ ___
Eye pain or light sensitivity ___ ___ ___ ___
Problems sleeping ___ ___ ___ ___
Impaired memory or concentration ___ ___ ___ ___
Feeling worse, sick or exhausted
after exercise ___ ___ ___ ___
If Yes to any part of #2,
3. Who is the child’s/children’s primary caretaker? Name_____________________________
Relationship ______________________________
4. Would it be OK if another member of our research team called back to speak with (child/children’s name) and (caretaker)? 1. Yes ____ 2. No ____
What would be a good time to reach them? ______________________________________
Is this the best number at which to reach (name)?
Yes ____ No ____ If No, what is? ___________________________
GO TO ENDING QUESTIONS
ENDING QUESTIONS
IF WE DO ANOTHER DETAILED STUDY OF FATIGUE, WOULD YOU BE INTERESTED IN PARTICIPATING IN A STUDY THAT WOULD PROVIDE YOU WITH AN OPPORTUNITY TO RECEIVE A FREE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION AND LABORATORY TESTING BY A BOARD-CERTIFIED PHYSICIAN SPECIALIZING IN CHRONIC FATIGUE
Name______________________________________ Phone number_____________________
2. No ____
IT WOULD BE HELPFUL FOR US
TO KNOW WHY YOU ARE NOT INTERESTED IN PARTICIPATING. WOULD YOU PLEASE EXPLAIN
WHY NOT? ________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Health Care Practitioners/Programs Frequency of use
Primary care physician
CFS specialist
[Unidentified practitioner]
Other specialists/programs
[Unidentified program]
Masseur/masseuse
Herbal medicine healer
Megavitamin healer
Homopathologist
Acupuncturist
Relationship counselor
Spiritualist
Energy healer
Imagery healer
Biofeedback counselor
Hypnotist
Folk remedy healer
Self-help group
Lifestyle diet
Financial counseling
Rehabilitation counseling
Rehabilitation settings
Social service agencies
Vocational rehabilitators
Psychologists
CFS
MONITORING FORM
(Jason, Tryon, Taylor, King, Frankenberry, & Jordan, 1999)
At the extreme left, note the day of the observation. Please fill out the form for a two week period at the same time each day (e.g., in the morning for the previous day). In addition, for the first day, please fill out the second attached form each hour that you are awake, and indicate the time at the extreme left.
For the first column, on a 100 point scale, rate the perceived energy that you have, then rate the expended energy for that day, on a similar 100 point scale (0=no energy; 100=abundant energy, like when you feel completely well).
For the next column, rate your level of fatigue on the same 100 point scale (0=no fatigue; 100=extreme fatigue).
For the next two columns, rate physical exertion (defined as energy expenditures do to physical activity) and mental exertion (defined as energy expenditures do to mental effort). Rate both categories on a 100 point scale, with 0=none, 50=moderate, and 100=extreme.
The next three columns involve items tapping emotional distress. Rate upset, nervous, and irritated on a 100 point scale, with 0=none, 50=moderate, and 100=extreme. For positive affect, rate the amount you were happy and delighted, with the same 100 point scale.
For the next columns, you will rate somatic and
cognitive difficulties, and you will use the same 100 point scale. We will
select these problems, to be monitored, together.
CFS Self-Monitoring Questionnaire
Name Date
| Date
|
Perceived
Energy |
Expended
Energy |
Fatigue | Physical
Exertion |
Mental
Exertion |
Negative Affect | Positive
Affect
|
Somatic
_______ |
Cognitive |